Comparative Impacts of ACE (Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme) Inhibitors Versus Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers on the Risk of COVID-19 Mortality

Affiliations

• ¹ From the Medical Science Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, China (F.Z., P.Z., Hongliang Li).
• ² Institute of Model Animal (F.Z., Y.-M.L., Haomiao Li, F.L., H.Y., J.-J.Q., X.-J.Z., B.W., M.X., D.X., C.Y., P.Z., Z.-G.S., Hongliang Li), Wuhan University, China.
• ³ Basic Medical School (F.Z., Hongliang Li), Wuhan University, China.
• ⁴ Department of Cardiology (F.Z., Y.-M.L., J.X., Haomiao Li, J.-J.Q., X.-J.Z., B.W., Z.-G.S., Hongliang Li), Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, China.
• ⁵ Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China (J.C.).
• ⁶ Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (X.M.).
• ⁷ Centre for Clinic Pharmacology, The William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom (Q.X.).
• ⁸ Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Jingmen affiliated to Hubei Minzu University, Jingmen, China (Z.L.).
• ⁹ Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Changjiang University, Jingzhou, China (Haofeng Lu).
• ¹⁰ Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Jingzhou Central Hospital, China (X.X.).
• ¹¹ Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Xianning Central Hospital, Hubei Province, China (D.W.).
• ¹² Xiangyang Central Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Arts and Science, China (X.L.).
• ¹³ Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Suizhou central Hospital Affiliated to Hubei Medical College, China (G.P.).
• ¹⁴ Department of Cardiology, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University & Yichang Central People's Hospital and Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, China Three Gorges University (J.Y.).
• ¹⁵ Department of Gastroenterology, Wuhan Third Hospital & Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University, China (X.H.).
• ¹⁶ Departments of Neonatology (B.-H.Z.), Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, China.
• ¹⁷ Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, China (Y.Y).
• ¹⁸ Division of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China (X.W.).
• ¹⁹ Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, ON, Canada (P.P.L.).
• ²⁰ Departments of Anesthesiology, Physiology and Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Laboratories, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (Y.W.).
• ²¹ Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Union Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, China (J.X.).