Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection, Clostridioides difficile Colitis, Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infection, and Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Matthew Luzum; Jonathan Sebolt; Vineet Chopra

doi:10.1016/j.mcna.2020.02.004

Catheter-Associated Urinary Tract Infection, Clostridioides difficile Colitis, Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infection, and Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Med Clin North Am. 2020 Jul;104(4):663-679. doi: 10.1016/j.mcna.2020.02.004. Epub 2020 May 12.

Authors

Matthew Luzum¹, Jonathan Sebolt¹, Vineet Chopra²

Affiliations

¹ The Division of Hospital Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Michigan, 2800 Plymouth Road, Building 16 #432W, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
² The Division of Hospital Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Michigan, 2800 Plymouth Road, Building 16 #432W, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA. Electronic address: vineetc@umich.edu.

PMID: 32505259
DOI: 10.1016/j.mcna.2020.02.004

Abstract

Hospital-acquired infections increase cost, morbidity, and mortality for patients across the United States and the world. Principal among these infections are central line-associated bloodstream infection, catheter-associated urinary tract infection, Clostridioides difficile, and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus colonization and infections. This article provides succinct summaries of the background, epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of these conditions. In addition, novel prevention strategies, including those related to recent national interventions, are reviewed.

Keywords: Bloodstream infection; Catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI); Central line–associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI); Clostridioides difficile colitis; Hospital-acquired infection; Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; Urinary tract infection.

Published by Elsevier Inc.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Bacteremia / drug therapy
Bacteremia / microbiology
Bacteremia / prevention & control*
Bacteremia / therapy
Catheter-Related Infections / diagnosis
Catheter-Related Infections / epidemiology*
Catheter-Related Infections / prevention & control
Catheter-Related Infections / therapy
Catheters, Indwelling / adverse effects
Central Venous Catheters / adverse effects
Clostridium Infections / diagnosis
Clostridium Infections / epidemiology*
Clostridium Infections / prevention & control
Clostridium Infections / therapy
Cross Infection / microbiology
Cross Infection / prevention & control
Humans
Incidence
Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus / isolation & purification
Staphylococcal Infections / diagnosis
Staphylococcal Infections / epidemiology*
Staphylococcal Infections / prevention & control
Staphylococcal Infections / therapy
United States / epidemiology
Urinary Tract Infections / diagnosis
Urinary Tract Infections / epidemiology*
Urinary Tract Infections / prevention & control
Urinary Tract Infections / therapy