Regulatory mechanisms of mitophagy in yeast

Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj. 2021 May;1865(5):129858. doi: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2021.129858. Epub 2021 Feb 3.

Abstract

Mitochondria are dynamic organelles functioning in diverse reactions and processes such as energy metabolism, apoptosis, innate immunity, and aging, whose quality and quantity control is critical for cell homeostasis. Mitochondria-specific autophagy, termed mitophagy, is an evolutionarily conserved process that selectively degrades mitochondria via autophagy, thereby contributing to mitochondrial quality and quantity control. In the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the single-pass membrane protein Atg32 accumulates on the surface of mitochondria and recruit the autophagy machinery to initiate mitophagy. This catabolic process is elaborately regulated through transcriptional induction and post-translational modifications of Atg32. Notably, other factors acting in manifold pathways including protein N-terminal acetylation, phospholipid methylation, stress signaling, and endoplasmic reticulum-localized protein dephosphorylation and membrane protein insertion are also linked to mitophagy. Here we review recent discoveries of molecules regulating mitophagy in yeast.

Keywords: Atg32; Autophagy; Mitochondria; Mitophagy; Yeast.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Autophagy-Related Proteins / genetics
  • Autophagy-Related Proteins / metabolism*
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal
  • Mitochondria / genetics
  • Mitochondria / metabolism
  • Mitophagy*
  • Protein Processing, Post-Translational
  • Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / genetics
  • Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / metabolism*
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae / cytology
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae / genetics
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae / metabolism*
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / genetics
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / metabolism*
  • Transcriptional Activation

Substances

  • Atg32 protein, S cerevisiae
  • Autophagy-Related Proteins
  • Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins