Efficacy and Safety of Tofacitinib Re-treatment for Ulcerative Colitis After Treatment Interruption: Results from the OCTAVE Clinical Trials

J Crohns Colitis. 2021 Nov 8;15(11):1852-1863. doi: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjab065.

Abstract

Background and aims: Tofacitinib is an oral, small molecule Janus kinase inhibitor for the treatment of ulcerative colitis. Here, we evaluate the efficacy and safety of tofacitinib re-treatment following treatment interruption in patients with ulcerative colitis.

Methods: Here, patients with clinical response to tofacitinib 10 mg b.d. induction therapy were randomised to receive placebo in OCTAVE Sustain. Those experiencing treatment failure after Week 8 of OCTAVE Sustain entered OCTAVE Open and re-initiated tofacitinib 10 mg b.d. [re-treatment subpopulation]; efficacy and safety data are presented up to Month 36 of OCTAVE Open.

Results: Median time to treatment failure following interruption was 169 (95% confidence interval [CI], 94.0-179.0) and 123 [95% CI, 91.0-168.0] days for induction remitters, and induction responders but non-remitters, respectively. Following re-treatment with tofacitinib, rates (non-responder imputation after a patient discontinued; latest observation carried forward imputation after a patient advanced to a subsequent study [NRI-LOCF]) of clinical response, remission, and endoscopic improvement were 74.0%, 39.0%, and 55.0% at Month 2, and 48.5%, 37.4%, and 42.4% at Month 36, respectively. Among induction remitters and induction responders but non-remitters, clinical response rates at Month 36 were 60.6% and 42.4% [NRI-LOCF], respectively. Efficacy was recaptured regardless of prior tumour necrosis factor inhibitor failure status. The safety profile of tofacitinib 10 mg b.d. re-treatment was consistent with the overall cohort and demonstrated no new safety risks associated with exposure of ≤36 months.

Conclusions: Median time to treatment failure was numerically higher in induction remitters versus induction responders but non-remitters. Following treatment interruption, efficacy was safely and successfully recaptured with tofacitinib 10 mg b.d. re-treatment in a substantial proportion of patients [ClinicalTrials.gov:NCT01458574;NCT01470612].

Keywords: Re-treatment; tofacitinib; ulcerative colitis.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Colitis, Ulcerative / drug therapy*
  • Colitis, Ulcerative / psychology
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Janus Kinase Inhibitors / therapeutic use
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Outcome Assessment, Health Care / methods
  • Outcome Assessment, Health Care / statistics & numerical data*
  • Piperidines / therapeutic use*
  • Pyrimidines / therapeutic use*
  • Treatment Adherence and Compliance / psychology
  • Treatment Adherence and Compliance / statistics & numerical data*
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Janus Kinase Inhibitors
  • Piperidines
  • Pyrimidines
  • tofacitinib

Associated data

  • ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT01458574
  • ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT01470612

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