Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes share urban breeding sites with Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes in the Republic of Djibouti. We present evidence that A. stephensi mosquitoes might be responsible for an increase in malaria incidence in this country. We also document resistance of Plasmodium falciparum to dihydroartemisinin/piperaquine.
Keywords: Anopheles stephensi; Djibouti; Plasmodium falciparum; Plasmodium vivax; antimalarial drug; antimicrobial resistance; malaria; mosquito-borne infections; mosquitoes; outbreak; parasites; parasitic infections; resistance; urban malaria; vector-borne infections.