Substrate-Specific Respiration of Isolated Skeletal Muscle Mitochondria after 1 h of Moderate Cycling in Sedentary Adults

Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2021 Jul 1;53(7):1375-1384. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000002615.

Abstract

Introduction: Skeletal muscle mitochondria have dynamic shifts in oxidative metabolism to meet energy demands of aerobic exercise. Specific complexes oxidize lipid and nonlipid substrates. It is unclear if aerobic exercise stimulates intrinsic oxidative metabolism of mitochondria or varies between substrates.

Methods: We studied mitochondrial metabolism in sedentary male and female adults (n = 11F/4M) who were free of major medical conditions with mean ± SD age of 28 ± 7 yr, peak aerobic capacity of 2.0 ± 0.4 L·min-1, and body mass index of 22.2 ± 2 kg·m-2. Biopsies were collected from the vastus lateralis muscle on separate study days at rest or 15 min after exercise (1 h cycling at 65% peak aerobic capacity). Isolated mitochondria were analyzed using high-resolution respirometry of separate titration protocols for lipid (palmitoylcarnitine, F-linked) and nonlipid substrates (glutamate-malate, N-linked; succinate S-linked). Titration protocols distinguished between oxidative phosphorylation and leak respiration and included the measurement of reactive oxygen species emission (H2O2). Western blotting determined the protein abundance of electron transfer flavoprotein (ETF) subunits, including inhibitory methylation site on ETF-β.

Results: Aerobic exercise induced modest increases in mitochondrial respiration because of increased coupled respiration across F-linked (+13%, P = 0.08), N(S)-linked (+14%, P = 0.09), and N-linked substrates (+17%, P = 0.08). Prior exercise did not change P:O ratio. Electron leak to H2O2 increased 6% increased after exercise (P = 0.06) for lipid substrates but not for nonlipid. The protein abundance of ETF-α or ETF-β subunit or inhibitory methylation on ETF-β was not different between rest and after exercise.

Conclusion: In sedentary adults, the single bout of moderate-intensity cycling induced modest increases for intrinsic mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation that was consistent across multiple substrates.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02987491.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Cell Respiration / physiology*
  • Exercise / physiology*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Hydrogen Peroxide / metabolism
  • Male
  • Mitochondria, Muscle / metabolism*
  • Oxidative Phosphorylation*
  • Quadriceps Muscle / metabolism*
  • Sedentary Behavior
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Hydrogen Peroxide

Associated data

  • ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT02987491