Relation Between Body Mass Index and Dry Eye Disease: The Japan Public Health Center-Based Prospective Study for the Next Generation

Ryutaro Yamanishi; Norie Sawada; Akiko Hanyuda; Miki Uchino; Motoko Kawashima; Kenya Yuki; Kazuo Tsubota; Tadahiro Kato; Isao Saito; Kazuhiko Arima; Satoshi Mizukami; Kozo Tanno; Kiyomi Sakata; Kazumasa Yamagishi; Hiroyasu Iso; Nobufumi Yasuda; Taichi Shimazu; Taiki Yamaji; Atsushi Goto; Manami Inoue; Motoki Iwasaki; Shoichiro Tsugane; JPHC-NEXT Group

doi:10.1097/ICL.0000000000000814

Relation Between Body Mass Index and Dry Eye Disease: The Japan Public Health Center-Based Prospective Study for the Next Generation

Eye Contact Lens. 2021 Aug 1;47(8):449-455. doi: 10.1097/ICL.0000000000000814.

Affiliation

¹ Department of Ophthalmology (R.Y., A.H., M.U., M.K., K. Yuki, K. Tsubota), Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan ; Epidemiology and Prevention Group (R.Y., N.S., A.H., T.S., T.Y., A.G., M. Inoue, M. Iwasaki, S.T.), Center for Public Health Sciences, National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Japan ; Center for Education and Educational Research (T.K.), Faculty of Education, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan ; Department of Public Health and Epidemiology (I.S.), Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, Japan ; Department of Public Health (K.A., S.M.), Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan ; Department of Hygiene and Preventive Medicine (K. Tanno, K.S.), School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Iwate, Japan ; Department of Public Health Medicine (K. Yamagishi, H.I.), Faculty of Medicine, and Health Services Research and Development Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan ; Ibaraki Western Medical Center (Kazumasa Yamagishi), Chikusei, Japan ; Public Health (H.I.), Department of Social Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan ; and Department of Public Health (N.Y.), Kochi University Medical School, Kochi, Japan.

PMID: 34310488
DOI: 10.1097/ICL.0000000000000814

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the relation between body mass index (BMI) and dry eye disease (DED).

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional questionnaire-based survey in 85,264 Japanese men and women aged 40 to 74 years who participated in the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study for the Next Generation (JPHC-NEXT Study). Dry eye disease was defined as the presence of severe symptoms or clinical diagnosis. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) of DED associated with BMI and their two-sided 95% confidence intervals (CIs). We adjusted for age, cohort area, visual display terminal time, smoking status, alcohol intake, education status, income status, as well as history of hormone replacement therapy for women.

Results: Prevalence of DED was 23.4% (n = 19,985; 6,289 men, 13,696 women). Higher BMI was correlated with a lower prevalence of DED in a dose-response fashion, with an adjusted OR of DED (95% CI) per 1 kg/m2 increment of BMI of 0.98 (95% CI: 0.97-0.99) for men and 0.97 (95% CI: 0.97-0.98) for women.

Conclusions: This large population-based study showed an inverse relationship between BMI and prevalence of DED in a Japanese population. Underestimation of DED is warned, especially for participants with high BMI.

MeSH terms

Body Mass Index
Cross-Sectional Studies
Dry Eye Syndromes* / diagnosis
Dry Eye Syndromes* / epidemiology
Female
Humans
Japan / epidemiology
Male
Prevalence
Prospective Studies
Public Health*
Risk Factors
Surveys and Questionnaires