Role of autophagy in muscle disease

Anais Franco-Romero; Marco Sandri

doi:10.1016/j.mam.2021.101041

Role of autophagy in muscle disease

Mol Aspects Med. 2021 Dec:82:101041. doi: 10.1016/j.mam.2021.101041. Epub 2021 Oct 6.

Authors

Anais Franco-Romero¹, Marco Sandri²

Affiliations

¹ Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, via Orus 2, 35129, Padova, Italy; Department of Biomedical Science, University of Padova, via G. Colombo 3, 35100, Padova, Italy.
² Venetian Institute of Molecular Medicine, via Orus 2, 35129, Padova, Italy; Department of Biomedical Science, University of Padova, via G. Colombo 3, 35100, Padova, Italy; Myology Center, University of Padova, via G. Colombo 3, 35100, Padova, Italy; Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada. Electronic address: marco.sandri@unipd.it.

PMID: 34625292
DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2021.101041

Abstract

Beside inherited muscle diseases many catabolic conditions such as insulin resistance, malnutrition, cancer growth, aging, infections, chronic inflammatory status, inactivity, obesity are characterized by loss of muscle mass, strength and function. The decrease of muscle quality and quantity increases morbidity, mortality and has a major impact on the quality of life. One of the pathogenetic mechanisms of muscle wasting is the dysregulation of the main protein and organelles quality control system of the cell: the autophagy-lysosome. This review will focus on the role of the autophagy-lysosome system in the different conditions of muscle loss. We will also dissect the signalling pathways that are involved in excessive or defective autophagy regulation. Finally, the state of the art of autophagy modulators that have been used in preclinical or clinical studies to ameliorate muscle mass will be also described.

Keywords: Atrophy; Autophagy; Disuse; Muscle wasting; Proteostasis; Skeletal muscle.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Autophagy
Humans
Lysosomes
Muscle, Skeletal* / pathology
Muscular Atrophy / pathology
Quality of Life*