VviPLATZ1 is a major factor that controls female flower morphology determination in grapevine

Nat Commun. 2021 Nov 30;12(1):6995. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-27259-8.

Abstract

Plant genetic sex determinants that mediate the transition to dioecy are predicted to be diverse, as this type of mating system independently evolved multiple times in angiosperms. Wild Vitis species are dioecious with individuals producing morphologically distinct female or male flowers; whereas, modern domesticated Vitis vinifera cultivars form hermaphrodite flowers capable of self-pollination. Here, we identify the VviPLATZ1 transcription factor as a key candidate female flower morphology factor that localizes to the Vitis SEX-DETERMINING REGION. The expression pattern of this gene correlates with the formation reflex stamens, a prominent morphological phenotype of female flowers. After generating CRISPR/Cas9 gene-edited alleles in a hermaphrodite genotype, phenotype analysis shows that individual homozygous lines produce flowers with reflex stamens. Taken together, our results demonstrate that loss of VviPLATZ1 function is a major factor that controls female flower morphology in Vitis.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Alleles
  • Cell Differentiation
  • DNA-Binding Proteins / genetics
  • DNA-Binding Proteins / metabolism*
  • Domestication
  • Flowers / cytology
  • Flowers / genetics
  • Flowers / physiology*
  • Gene Editing
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Plant
  • Genotype
  • Homozygote
  • Magnoliopsida / physiology*
  • Phenotype*
  • Plant Proteins / genetics
  • Plant Proteins / metabolism*
  • Reproduction
  • Vitis / physiology*

Substances

  • DNA-Binding Proteins
  • Plant Proteins