Objective: To investigate whether cachexia affects the treatment effect of immune checkpoint inhibitors for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: The prognosis of 62 patients with advanced NSCLC who received anti-programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) in Henan Provincial People's Hospital from 2019 to 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The cachexia was evaluated before and after the second course of immunotherapy. Kaplan-Meier and Log rank methods were used for survival analysis, Cox regression model was used for multivariate analysis, and Spearman's correlation analysis was used for correlation analysis. Results: After the second course of immunotherapy, psoas major muscle area (PMMA) values of the cachexia group and the control group were (14.10±4.09) and (11.66±3.22) cm(2) respectively, with statistics significance (P=0.001). The level of Prealbumin and body weight were correlated with cachexia (P<0.05). The 6-month and 1-year survival rates of 62 cases in the whole group were 58.6% and 42.5%, respectively. The progression-free survival (PFS) in the control group (7.6 months) was higher than that in the cachexia group (3.8 months, P=0.006). The PFS in patients with high expression of PD-L1 (7.1 months) was longer than that of patients with low expression (3.8 months, P=0.009). The overall survival (OS) in the cachexia group (6.3 months) was lower than that in the control group (18.2 months, P=0.006). The OS in patients with high expression of PD-L1 (14.5 months) was longer than that of patients with low expression (1 months, P=0.038). The level of Prealbumin, the level of PD-L1 expression and the change rate of PMMA were related to the OS of the patients (P<0.05). The level of Prealbumin and the change rate of PMMA were the independent influencing factors of the OS (P<0.05). The PMMA and the level of Prealbumin were negatively correlated (r=-0.003 8, P<0.05). Conclusion: Cachexia has a negative impact on the outcomes of patients who received anti-PD-1 immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy.
目的： 探讨恶病质对免疫检查点抑制剂治疗非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)疗效的影响。 方法： 回顾性分析2019—2021年河南省人民医院62例晚期NSCLC患者接受抗程序性死亡受体1(PD-1)治疗的疗效，分别于免疫治疗前、免疫治疗2个周期后评估患者恶病质情况。生存分析采用Kaplan-Meier法和Log rank，多因素分析采用Cox回归模型，相关分析采用Spearman相关性分析。 结果： 免疫治疗2个周期后，恶病质组和对照组患者的骨骼肌截面面积(PMMA)分别为(14.10±4.09)cm(2)和(11.66±3.22)cm(2)，差异有统计学意义(P＝0.001)。前白蛋白水平和体重与恶病质有关(P<0.05)。全组62例患者6个月和1年生存率分别为58.6%和42.5%。对照组患者无进展生存时间(PFS)高于恶病质组(分别为7.6和3.8个月，P＝0.006)，高表达程序性死亡受体配体1(PD-L1)患者PFS(7.1个月)长于低表达PD-L1者(3.8个月，P＝0.009)；恶病质组患者总生存时间(OS)低于对照组(分别为6.3和18.2个月，P＝0.006)；PD-L1高表达患者OS(14.5个月)高于低表达者(1个月，P＝0.038)。前白蛋白水平、PD-L1表达水平和PMMA变化率与患者的总生存有关(均P<0.05)，前白蛋白水平和PMMA变化率为总生存的独立影响因素(均P<0.05)。PMMA和前白蛋白水平呈负相关(r＝-0.003 8, P<0.05)。 结论： 在抗PD-1的免疫检测点抑制剂治疗中恶病质的发生对患者的预后有负面影响。.
Keywords: Anti-procedural death receptor (PD-L1) antibody; Cachexia; Immunocheck inhibitors; Immunotherapy; Lung neoplasms; Psoas major muscle area.