The Association Between Fasting Blood Sugar and Index of Nutritional Quality in Adult Women

Farkhondeh Alami; Golsa Khalatbari Mohseni; Mina Ahmadzadeh; Farhad Vahid; Maryam Gholamalizadeh; Mohammad Masoumvand; Soheila Shekari; Atiyeh Alizadeh; Hanieh Shafaei; Saeid Doaei

doi:10.3389/fnut.2022.883672

The Association Between Fasting Blood Sugar and Index of Nutritional Quality in Adult Women

Front Nutr. 2022 Jun 24:9:883672. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.883672. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
² Department of Nutrition, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
³ Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
⁴ Department of Population Health, Public Health Research, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg.
⁵ Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
⁶ Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
⁷ Department of Nutrition, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
⁸ Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
⁹ Urology Research Center, Razi Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran.
¹⁰ Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Abstract

Aim: It's unclear whether diet quality affects glycemic management. The index of nutritional quality (INQ) can examine diets both quantitatively and qualitatively (INQ). Hence, this study aimed to determine whether INQ and fasting blood sugar (FBS) are related among Iranian women.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 360 adult Iranian women. Data were collected on the participants' general characteristics, medical history, anthropometric indices, physical activity, and dietary intake. For nutrient intake assessment, a valid food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used, and INQ was then calculated using the daily nutrient intake.

Results: After adjusting for age, FBS was significantly inverse associated with INQ for vitamins A (B = -0.193, p < 0.01), magnesium (B = -0.137, p < 0.01), phosphor (B = -0.175, p < 0.01), zinc (B = -0.113, p < 0.01), vitamin K (B = -0.197, p < 0.01), manganese (B = -0.111, p < 0.01) and selenium (B = -0.123, p < 0.01). The association between FBS and INQ for Se and Mn was disappeared after further adjustment for gender, body mass index (BMI), menopausal status, and total energy intake.

Conclusion: There was a significant inverse relationship between FBS and the INQ of vitamin A, manganese, phosphor, zinc, vitamin K, magnesium, and selenium. Prospective cohort studies should be conducted to establish a causal relationship between FBS and INQ.

Keywords: dietary intake; fasting blood sugar; glycemic control; index of nutritional quality; medical history.