Low Expression of AGPAT5 Is Associated With Clinical Stage and Poor Prognosis in Colorectal Cancer and Contributes to Tumour Progression

Jia Zang; Juanjuan Sun; WenChao Xiu; Xiaoshuang Liu; Yunsheng Chai; Yanyan Zhou

doi:10.1177/11795549221137399

Low Expression of AGPAT5 Is Associated With Clinical Stage and Poor Prognosis in Colorectal Cancer and Contributes to Tumour Progression

Clin Med Insights Oncol. 2022 Nov 30:16:11795549221137399. doi: 10.1177/11795549221137399. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Jia Zang¹, Juanjuan Sun¹, WenChao Xiu², Xiaoshuang Liu³, Yunsheng Chai¹, Yanyan Zhou¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Colorectal Surgery, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai, P.R. China.
² The Second Ward of Anorectal Department, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University (Qingdao), China.
³ Department of General Surgery, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China.

Abstract

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) has a high prevalence and poor prognosis. This study aimed to identify biomarkers related to the clinical stage (I-IV) of CRC.

Methods: The LinkedOmics database was used as the discovery cohort, and two Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases (GSE41258 and GSE422848) served as validation cohorts. The trend test of genes related to clinical stage (I-IV) of CRC patients was identified by the Jonckheere-Terpstra test. The cBioPortal database, Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) and PrognoScan databases were used to explore the expression change and prognostic value of clinical stage-related genes in CRC patients. CRC cells overexpressed AGPAT5 were constructed and used for cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), flow cytometric, and wound healing assays in vitro.

Results: We identified four clinical stage-related genes, GSR, AGPAT5, CRLF1, and NPR3, in CRC. The CNA frequencies of GSR, CRLF1, AGPAT5, and NPR3 occurred in 11%, 2.4%, 13%, and 3% of patients, respectively. The expression of GSR and AGPAT5 tended to decrease with CRC stage (I-IV) progression, and the expression of CRLF1 and NPR3 tended to increase with CRC stage (I-IV) progression. Compared with the normal group, AGPAT5 expression was markedly decreased in stage IV CRC. Higher GSR and AGPAT5 expression levels were associated with better overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) in CRC patients. Lower CRLF1 and NPR3 expression levels were associated with better OS and DFS in CRC. GSR, CRLF1, AGPAT5, and NPR3 expression were related to CRC progression, microsatellite instability, and tumour purity in CRC. Furthermore, AGPAT5 was downregulated in CRC cell lines, and overexpression of AGPAT5 inhibited cell proliferation and migration and promoted cell apoptosis in CRC cells.

Conclusion: Low AGPAT5 expression may serve as a poor prognostic factor and clinical stage biomarker in CRC. In addition, AGPAT5 acts as a tumour suppressor in CRC progression.

Keywords: AGPAT5; Colorectal cancer; biomarkers; clinical stage; prognosis; tumour suppressor.