3D hydrogel/ bioactive glass scaffolds in bone tissue engineering: Status and future opportunities

Abdullah Aldhaher; Fahimeh Shahabipour; Abdullah Shaito; Saphwan Al-Assaf; Ahmed A M Elnour; El Bashier Sallam; Shahin Teimourtash; Abdelgadir A Elfadil

doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17050

3D hydrogel/ bioactive glass scaffolds in bone tissue engineering: Status and future opportunities

Heliyon. 2023 Jul 5;9(7):e17050. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17050. eCollection 2023 Jul.

Authors

Abdullah Aldhaher¹, Fahimeh Shahabipour^{2

3}, Abdullah Shaito⁴, Saphwan Al-Assaf⁵, Ahmed A M Elnour⁶, El Bashier Sallam⁷, Shahin Teimourtash⁸, Abdelgadir A Elfadil⁹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran.
² Orthopedic Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran.
³ Skin Research Centre, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 19857-17443, Iran.
⁴ Biomedical Research Center, College of Medicine, And Department of Biomedical Sciences at College of Health Sciences, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
⁵ Hydrocolloids Research Centre, University of Chester, Chester, United Kingdom.
⁶ Faculty of Chemical and Process Engineering Technology, University of Malaysia Pahang-UMP, Malaysia.
⁷ Freelance Global and Public Health Expert (FGPHE), Sudan.
⁸ Department of Healthcare Science Center, McMaster University, Toronto, Canada.
⁹ Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Al-Neelain University, P. O. Box: 12702, Sudan.

Abstract

Repairing significant bone defects remains a critical challenge, raising the clinical demand to design novel bone biomaterials that incorporate osteogenic and angiogenic properties to support the regeneration of vascularized bone. Bioactive glass scaffolds can stimulate angiogenesis and osteogenesis. In addition, natural or synthetic polymers exhibit structural similarity with extracellular matrix (ECM) components and have superior biocompatibility and biodegradability. Thus, there is a need to prepare composite scaffolds of hydrogels for vascularized bone, which incorporate to improve the mechanical properties and bioactivity of natural polymers. In addition, those composites' 3-dimensional (3D) form offer regenerative benefits such as direct doping of the scaffold with ions. This review presents a comprehensive discussion of composite scaffolds incorporated with BaG, focusing on their effects on osteo-inductivity and angiogenic properties. Moreover, the adaptation of the ion-doped hydrogel composite scaffold into a 3D scaffold for the generation of vascularized bone tissue is exposed. Finally, we highlight the challenges and future of manufacturing such biomaterials.

Keywords: 3D scaffold; Bioactive glasses; Ion-doped hydrogel scaffold; Vascularized bone.

Publication types

Review