Early morning insomnia with rapidly eliminated benzodiazepines

Science. 1983 Apr 1;220(4592):95-7. doi: 10.1126/science.6131538.

Abstract

Early morning insomnia, a significant increase in wakefulness during the final hours of drug nights, occurred after 1 or 2 weeks of nightly administration of benzodiazepine hypnotics with short elimination half-lives, when tolerance had begun to develop. Early morning insomnia may be a variant of rebound insomnia and therefore specific to benzodiazepines, or it may occur with any rapidly eliminated sedative-hypnotic agent.

MeSH terms

  • Anti-Anxiety Agents / adverse effects*
  • Anti-Anxiety Agents / metabolism
  • Anti-Anxiety Agents / therapeutic use
  • Benzodiazepines / adverse effects
  • Benzodiazepines / therapeutic use
  • Flurazepam / therapeutic use
  • Half-Life
  • Humans
  • Midazolam
  • Sleep / drug effects
  • Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders / drug therapy
  • Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders / etiology*
  • Triazolam / adverse effects
  • Triazolam / therapeutic use

Substances

  • Anti-Anxiety Agents
  • Benzodiazepines
  • Triazolam
  • Flurazepam
  • quazepam
  • Midazolam