Dental amalgam releases small amounts of mercury, which is absorbed by the body. Available data are not sufficient to indicate whether this poses a health hazard to the general population. There is an urgent need for research into the potential health effects of mercury absorption from this source. However, considering the multiple benefits of dental amalgam, unless new scientific research dictates otherwise there is currently no justification for discontinuing the use of this material. Placing a priority on the preservation of healthy tooth structure through preventive strategies and the judicious use of all restorative materials could lessen current concerns over toxicity and unnecessary treatments.