Bungee jumping is a recreational sport that has gained world-wide popularity since its inception in 1955. Over 2 million individuals have performed bungee jumps since that time. The injuries and deaths which have occurred have made safety an integral issue in the practice of the sport. Although early reports of significant injuries are infrequent, more recent investigations have indicated severe sequelae, including ocular haemorrhage, peroneal nerve palsy and quadriplegia. Reports of minor trauma have also been numerous. Aetiology includes natural forces, impact, technician error, equipment failure and repetitive stress. Free-falling approximately 60 to 120m (200 to 400ft) and then being jerked to safety at the last minute creates a certain amount of unavoidable, and almost desired risk. A reduction in acute trauma may be possible with immediate changes in equipment, technique and regulations. Further studies are warranted to determine the future direction and safety of this recreational sport.