An imbalance between T helper cell (Th)1 and Th2-like cytokines has been described in several autoimmune diseases. Organ specific autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS) and inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are caused by Th1 dominant immune responses. On the contrary, systemic autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and Sjögren's syndrome(SS) are characterized by Th2 dominant imbalance of cytokine production. It might be useful for differential diagnosis among patients with various autoimmune diseases such as SLE, SS, IBD, and MS to measure the serum levels of cytokines such as IL-10, IFN gamma, and TNF alpha using ultrasensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay system.