The in-vitro susceptibilities of 143 isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans, collected from British patients between 1994 and 1996, to fluconazole and itraconazole were compared with those of 36 isolates collected between 1971 and 1985, 41 isolates collected between 1986 and 1989, and 43 Ugandan isolates collected in 1996. Testing was done with a broth microdilution method in YNB medium supplemented with glucose, incubation at 30 degrees C for 72 h, and an endpoint of 50% inhibition. The results showed that the MIC ranges, MIC50s and MIC90s of fluconazole and itraconazole for C. neoformans isolates from the UK have remained unchanged despite the recent widespread use of triazoles for long-term maintenance of patients with AIDS-associated cryptococcal meningitis. The MIC ranges, MIC50s and MIC90s of the 43 isolates from untreated Ugandan patients with AIDS were similar to those of the British isolates. Examination of our records for 1994-96 revealed six cases in which a four-fold or greater rise in the MIC of fluconazole was associated with relapsed cryptococcal meningitis.