Control of STIM and Orai function by post-translational modifications

Cell Calcium. 2022 May:103:102544. doi: 10.1016/j.ceca.2022.102544. Epub 2022 Jan 31.

Abstract

Store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) is mediated by the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+ sensors stromal interaction molecules (STIM1 and STIM2) and the plasma membrane Orai (Orai1, Orai2, Orai3) Ca2+ channels. Although primarily regulated by ER Ca2+ content, there have been numerous studies over the last 15 years demonstrating that all 5 proteins are also regulated through post-translational modification (PTM). Focusing primarily on phosphorylation, glycosylation and redox modification, this review focuses on how PTMs modulate the key events in SOCE; Ca2+ sensing, STIM translocation, Orai interaction and/or Orai1 activation.

Keywords: Calcium; Glycosylation; Nitrosylation; Orai1; Oxidation; Phosphorylation; Post-translational modification; STIM1.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Calcium / metabolism
  • Calcium Signaling / physiology
  • Cell Membrane / metabolism
  • Endoplasmic Reticulum* / metabolism
  • ORAI1 Protein / metabolism
  • Oxidation-Reduction
  • Protein Processing, Post-Translational*
  • Stromal Interaction Molecule 1 / metabolism

Substances

  • ORAI1 Protein
  • Stromal Interaction Molecule 1
  • Calcium