Experimental infection and vector competence of Zika virus in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes from Acapulco, Guerrero, Mexico

Salud Publica Mex. 2020 Mar-Apr;62(2):203-210. doi: 10.21149/10835.

Abstract

Objective: To gain a better understanding of the Zika virus (ZIKV) vector transmission in Mexico, we determined the vector competence of a local population of Ae. aegypti (Acapulco, Guerrero) for a strain of ZIKV isolated from a Mexican febrile patient.

Materials and methods: Eggs were hatched and larvae were reared under controlled conditions. After five days post-emergence, female mosquitoes were fed an infectious blood-meal containing ZIKV. Mosquitoes were analyzed at 4, 7 and 14-day post-infection (dpi). Infection (gut), dissemination (wings, legs and heads) and potential transmission (salivary glands) were assessed by RT-qPCR. The Rockefeller Ae. aegypti strain was used as ZIKV infection control.

Results: ZIKV infection, dissemination, and potential transmission rates were 96.2, 96.1 and 93.2%, respectively.

Conclusions: Ae. aegypti (F1) from Acapulco were very susceptible to ZIKV infection, and showed similar vector competence to that of the susceptible Rockefeller strain. To our knowledge, this is the first report of vector competence for ZIKV performed in a Mexican laboratory.

Objetivo: Determinar la competencia vectorial de una población local de Ae. aegypti para transmitir el virus Zika (ZIKV) aislado de un paciente febril mexicano.

Material y métodos: Se desarrolló la primera generación (F1) de mosquitos Ae. aegypti en el insectario a partir de huevos colectados mediante ovitrampas en la Colonia Renacimiento, Acapulco, Guerrero. Después de cinco días de la emergencia, los mosquitos hembras fueron alimentados con sangre infecciosa con ZIKV. La infección (intestino), la diseminación (alas, piernas y cabezas) y la transmisión potencial (glándulas salivales) se evaluaron mediante RT-qPCR, a los 4, 7 y 14 días después de la alimentación.

Resultados: La infección por ZIKV, la diseminación y las tasas potenciales de transmisión fueron de 96.2, 96.1 y 93.2%, respectivamente.

Conclusiones: Los mosquitos Ae. aegypti (F1) de Acapulco presentan una alta competencia vectorial (93.2%). Según los autores de este estudio, este es el primer informe de competencia vectorial para ZIKV realizado en un laboratorio mexicano.

Keywords: Aedes aegypti; Mexico; Zika virus; vector competence.

MeSH terms

  • Aedes / virology*
  • Animals
  • Female
  • Mexico
  • Mosquito Vectors
  • Zika Virus / physiology*