A survey of anesthesiologists' role, trust in anesthesiologists, and knowledge and fears about anesthesia among predominantly Hispanic patients from an inner-city county preoperative anesthesia clinic

Abstract

Study objective: To determine the difference between the Hispanic and non-Hispanic public's knowledge about anesthesia, anesthesiologist's expertise, and role of the anesthesiologist in and out of the operating room (OR).

Design: Cross-sectional survey.

Setting: Los Angeles inner-city county hospital preoperative anesthesia clinic.

Patients: Predominantly Hispanic population.

Interventions: A 54-question survey in English and Spanish was distributed to adult patients.

Measurements: Demographic data, knowledge of the anesthesiologist's roles/responsibilities, knowledge of anesthesia, trust in anesthesiologists, and fears related to anesthesia were collected. Descriptive analysis and multiple regression analysis of the data were used to report knowledge, trust, and fear, and the predictive role of patient characteristics.

Main results: 300 (88% of eligible pts) completed the survey. Patient demographics were as follows: Hispanics (73%), female (63%), mean age 47 ± 14 years, high school-educated or below (71%), previous surgery (67%), possessing a chronic medical condition (49%), self-reported health of fair to poor (58%). Seventy percent of patients recognized anesthesiologists as specially trained doctors. Mean ± SD trust scores in doctors were 2.6 ± 1.2 out of a maximum 4. Patients with a better perception of their self-health (P < 0.01) and with higher knowledge scores (P < 0.01) had significantly higher trust in the doctors. Women (P = 0.01) patients, those patients with chronic medical condition (P < 0.02), and patients with greater knowledge scores had greater fear or concerns about anesthesia. Mean ± SD knowledge score about anesthesia was 6.3 ± 2.8 (range 0-13). Patients who had surgery previously (P < 0.01) had higher knowledge scores.

Conclusion: Most Hispanic patients believe that anesthesiologists are specialist doctors and that they put patients to sleep, but these patients are uncertain of their exact role or function during surgery or outside of the OR. High concerns or fears about devastating but rare complications of anesthesia remain. Educational efforts should be directed at this group especially, with the goal of alleviating preoperative anxiety.

Keywords: Anesthesia knowledge; Anesthesiologists clinical role; Anesthesiologists function; Patient anxiety; Patient fear of anesthesia; Patient trust in anesthesiologists.