Objectives: The purpose of this study was to compare the predictive value of three cough peak flow (CPF) maneuvers in predicting the extubation outcome in a cohort of mechanically ventilated subjects.
Methods: Eighty-one mechanically ventilated subjects who succeeded in the spontaneous breathing trial were included. In a randomized order, CPF was stimulated and measured using three methods: voluntary command (V_CPF), tracheal saline instillation (S_CPF), and mechanical stimulation with a catheter (C_CPF). Additionally, CPF was measured 20 min after the extubation (PE_CPF). The diagnostic accuracy of the CPF methods in relation to the extubation outcome was measured using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. ROC curve results were compared using the Hanley and McNeil method.
Results: The three methods presented high accuracy in predicting the extubation outcome (V_CPF = 0.89, S_CPF = 0.93, and C_CPF = 0.90), without statistically significant differences between them (V_CPF vs. S_CPF, p = 0.14; V_CPF vs. C_CPF, p = 0.84; S_CPF vs. C_CPF, p = 0.13). The optimum cutoff values were V_CPF = 45 L/min, S_CPF = 60 L/min, and C_CPF = 55 L/min. PE_CPF also showed high accuracy in predicting the extubation outcome (AUC = 0.95; cutoff = 75 L/min).
Conclusions: In mechanically ventilated and cooperative subjects, there is no difference in the accuracy of CPF measured voluntarily, with stimulation using saline or by catheter stimulation in predicting the reintubation. CPF recording after endotracheal tube removal has high accuracy to predict the extubation outcome.
Keywords: airway extubation; cough; mechanical ventilation; peak expiratory flow rate; risk assessment; ventilator weaning.