Surgical treatment of subaortic stenosis: a seventeen-year experience

J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 1999 Apr;117(4):669-78. doi: 10.1016/S0022-5223(99)70286-2.

Abstract

Objective: The aim of the study was to analyze the long-term results of subaortic stenosis relief and the risk factors associated with recurrence and reoperation.

Methods: One hundred sixty patients with subaortic stenosis underwent biventricular repair. Before the operation the mean left ventricle-aorta gradient was 80 +/- 35 mm Hg, 57 patients had aortic regurgitation, and 34 were in New York Heart Association functional class III or IV. Median age at repair was 10 years. For discrete subaortic stenosis (n = 120), 39 patients underwent isolated membranectomy, 67 underwent membranectomy with associated septal myotomy, and 14 underwent septal myectomy. Tunnel subaortic stenosis (n = 34) was treated by myotomy in 10 cases, myectomy in 12, septoplasty in 7, Konno procedure in 3, and apical conduit in 2. Aortic valve replacement was performed in 6 cases, mitral valve replacement in 2 cases, and mitral valvuloplasty in 4 cases.

Results: There were 5 early (3.1%) and 4 late (4.4%) deaths. Within 3.6 +/- 3.3 years a recurrent gradient greater than 30 mm Hg was found in 42 patients (27%), 20 of whom had 26 reoperations. According to multivariable Cox regression analysis survival was influenced by hypoplastic aortic anulus (P =.01) and mitral stenosis (P =.048); recurrence and reoperation were influenced by coarctation and immediate postoperative left ventricular outflow tract gradients. At a median follow-up of 13.3 years, mean left ventricle-aorta gradient was 20 +/- 13 mm Hg. Relief of the subaortic stenosis improved the degree of aortic regurgitation in 86% of patients with preoperative aortic regurgitation. Actuarial survival and freedom from reoperation rates at 15 years were 94% +/- 1.3% and 85% +/- 6%, respectively.

Conclusion: Although surgical treatment provides good results, recurrence and reoperation are significantly influenced by previous coarctation repair and by the quality of initial relief of subaortic stenosis.

MeSH terms

  • Actuarial Analysis
  • Aortic Valve Stenosis / epidemiology
  • Aortic Valve Stenosis / surgery*
  • Cardiac Surgical Procedures / methods
  • Child
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • France / epidemiology
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Proportional Hazards Models
  • Recurrence
  • Reoperation / statistics & numerical data
  • Risk Factors
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Outcome