The treatment of an infant or child with a cataract requires a different decision process and surgical technique compared with the treatment of an adult with a cataract. The pediatric cataract literature of the past year reminds the reader that the indications for surgery and preoperative management of the pediatric cataract patient are different, that the response to surgery is different, necessitating the use of new techniques for surgery, and that complications after surgery are more common. These differences are caused by the anatomy of the pediatric eye and the susceptibility of the developing visual system to amblyopia. The literature of the past year supports with laboratory study and clinical reports the current trend toward more common use of intraocular lenses in children.