Autologous blood transfusion (ABT) has become widely practiced as a useful procedure in preventing the side effects of allogeneic blood transfusion (allo-BT) and in coping with a cost-containment policy. We report on a retrospective analysis of blood support of 339 patients undergoing orthopedic elective surgery in the period 1988-1994. We observed a progressive decrease of allo-BTs (from 54.5 to 14.8% in males and from 73.7 to 15.5% in females undergoing total hip replacement), and assessed the usefulness of post-operative blood salvage in reducing the need for allo-BT when a concomitant pre-deposit program is conducted. In addition, we carefully reviewed charts in order to establish Deep Venous Thrombosis (DVT)-related morbidity, and found a surprisingly low incidence (only 3.2%) of this dreadful complication in our patient series. It is yet to be established whether anticoagulant prophylaxis and early mobilization are strongly effective in preventing DVT, or that many DVTs happen after hospital discharge and are not identified and/or reported to the orthopedic team.