New imaging technologies allow us to detect and follow very subtle changes of the structure and perfusion of the optic nerve head. Two of these technologies, confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy and confocal tomographic angiography are reviewed, focusing on new data and advances reported in the past year. These and other technologies (eg, nerve fiber layer polarimetry, optical coherent topography, and laser doppler flowmetry) will enhance the ability to diagnose and monitor glaucomatous disc damage.