BIO-OSS is an allergen-free bone substitute material of bovine origin, used to fill bone defects or to reconstruct ridge configurations. Seventy one patients (39 female, 32 male) received 126 BIO-OSS implantations. Some health parameters or habits were documented to eliminate possible risk factors of influence. The diameter of jaw defects filled with BIO-OSS was measured. There was a significant influence of the defect size on the healing result. In X-ray controls, BIO-OSS served to identify the surrounding native bone. The density of the BIO-OSS areas was higher than in control sites. These radiological results were supported by bone biopsies. Histologically, the permanency of the BIO-OSS was still recognizable after 6 years and longer. The ingrowth of newly formed bone in the BIO-OSS scaffold explained the increased density of the implanted regions. There were no clinical signs of BIO-OSS resorption. Therefore, we can assume that form corrections achieved by BIO-OSS insertions will last.