Glucagon-like peptide-1 promotes satiety and reduces food intake in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2

Am J Physiol. 1999 May;276(5):R1541-4. doi: 10.1152/ajpregu.1999.276.5.R1541.

Abstract

Glucagon-like peptide-1-(7-36) amide (GLP-1) is an incretin hormone of the enteroinsular axis. Recent experimental evidence in animals and healthy subjects suggests that GLP-1 has a role in controlling appetite and energy intake in humans. We have therefore examined in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study in 12 patients with diabetes type 2 the effect of intravenously infused GLP-1 on appetite sensations and energy intake. On 2 days, either saline or GLP-1 (1.5 pmol. kg-1. min-1) was given throughout the experiment. Visual analog scales were used to assess appetite sensations; furthermore, food and fluid intake of a test meal were recorded, and blood was sampled for analysis of plasma glucose and hormone levels. GLP-1 infusion enhanced satiety and fullness compared with placebo (P = 0.028 for fullness and P = 0.026 for hunger feelings). Energy intake was reduced by 27% by GLP-1 (P = 0.034) compared with saline. The results demonstrate a marked effect of GLP-1 on appetite by showing enhanced satiety and reduced energy intake in patients with diabetes type 2.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial
  • Controlled Clinical Trial

MeSH terms

  • Appetite / drug effects
  • Blood Glucose / drug effects
  • Brain Chemistry / drug effects
  • Cross-Over Studies
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / drug therapy*
  • Double-Blind Method
  • Eating / drug effects*
  • Glucagon / administration & dosage*
  • Glucagon / blood
  • Glucagon-Like Peptide 1
  • Humans
  • Hyperglycemia / drug therapy
  • Infusions, Intravenous
  • Insulin / blood
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Obesity / drug therapy
  • Peptide Fragments / administration & dosage*
  • Protein Precursors / administration & dosage*
  • Satiation / drug effects*

Substances

  • Blood Glucose
  • Insulin
  • Peptide Fragments
  • Protein Precursors
  • Glucagon-Like Peptide 1
  • Glucagon