Purpose: To report clinical and radiologic findings of a patient with spontaneous arteriovenous fistulas of the orbit.
Method: Case report.
Results: A 73-year-old woman was initially examined with a 1-year history of mild proptosis of the right eye. She had no history of trauma. Neuro-ophthalmologic examination disclosed dilatation of conjunctival vessels, increased intraocular pressure, mild proptosis and bruit in the right eye, and ocular signs suggestive of carotid-cavernous sinus fistulas or orbital arteriovenous malformations. The patient exhibited dilation of the superior ophthalmic vein in enhanced computed tomography of the orbit. Selective cerebral angiography disclosed communications between branches of both ophthalmic and facial arteries and the superior ophthalmic vein in the orbit.
Conclusion: Arteriovenous fistulas of the orbit must be considered in the differential diagnosis of carotid-cavernous sinus fistulas and arteriovenous malformations, although they are quite rare.