Practice effects on the less-affected upper extremity after stroke

Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1999 Jun;80(6):668-75. doi: 10.1016/s0003-9993(99)90170-3.

Abstract

Objective: To test the hypotheses that (1) adults who have had a stroke, using the less affected upper extremity (UE), improve performance of an aiming task with practice, and (2) compared with control subjects, stroke patients show less improvement in a complex condition.

Design: Movement time (MT) and kinematic data were collected over practice. Comparisons were made between the less-affected UE of stroke patients and the same hand of controls.

Setting: A human performance laboratory.

Participants: A matched sample of right-handed adults, 10 with unilateral stroke and 10 nondisabled controls.

Intervention: Practice of an aiming task in an easy and complex condition as defined by target width and distance between two targets.

Main outcome measures: MT, peak velocity, and temporal phases of the trajectory.

Results: Adults who had experienced a stroke had persistently longer MTs than control subjects; however, all participants achieved faster MTs with practice in both conditions. The absolute amount of time in each temporal phase decreased without a change in the relative times. Peak velocity increased only in the easy condition.

Conclusions: Adults with stroke damage can improve motor performance of the less-affected UE with practice. Further study is needed to see if practice effects are permanent and generalizable.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Cerebrovascular Disorders / physiopathology
  • Cerebrovascular Disorders / rehabilitation*
  • Female
  • Functional Laterality
  • Hand / physiology*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Psychomotor Performance / physiology*
  • Reaction Time