Immunogenicity and impact on nasopharyngeal carriage of a nonavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine

J Infect Dis. 1999 Oct;180(4):1171-6. doi: 10.1086/315009.

Abstract

The safety, immunogenicity, and impact on carriage of a nonvalent pneumococcal vaccine given at ages 6, 10, and 14 weeks were examined in a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial in 500 infants in Soweto, South Africa. No serious local or systemic side effects were recorded. Significant antibody responses to all pneumococcal serotypes were observed 4 weeks after the third dose. Haemophilus influenzae type b polyribosylribitol phosphate (geometric mean titer, 11.62 microg/mL) and diphtheria (1.39 IU/mL) antibodies were significantly higher in children receiving pneumococcal conjugate, compared with placebo recipients (4.58 microgram/mL and 0.98 IU/mL, respectively). Nasopharyngeal carriage of vaccine serotypes decreased in vaccinees at age 9 months (18% vs. 36%), whereas carriage of nonvaccine serotypes increased (36% vs. 25%). Carriage of penicillin-resistant pneumococci (21% vs. 41%) and cotrimoxazole-resistant pneumococci (23% vs. 35%) were significantly reduced 9 months after vaccination, compared with controls.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial
  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Carrier State / immunology
  • Carrier State / microbiology
  • Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Vaccine* / administration & dosage
  • Double-Blind Method
  • Haemophilus Vaccines* / administration & dosage
  • Haemophilus influenzae / drug effects
  • Haemophilus influenzae / isolation & purification*
  • Humans
  • Immunization Schedule
  • Infant
  • Nasopharynx / microbiology*
  • Penicillin Resistance
  • Serotyping
  • South Africa
  • Streptococcus pneumoniae / classification
  • Streptococcus pneumoniae / isolation & purification*
  • Trimethoprim Resistance
  • Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination / pharmacology
  • Vaccines, Conjugate* / adverse effects

Substances

  • Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Vaccine
  • Haemophilus Vaccines
  • Vaccines, Conjugate
  • diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis-haemophilus b conjugate vaccine
  • Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination