Otologic injuries caused by airbag deployment

Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 1999 Oct;121(4):367-73. doi: 10.1016/S0194-5998(99)70222-6.

Abstract

Airbags are clearly successful at mitigating injury severity during motor vehicle accidents. Deployment unfortunately has introduced new injury-causing mechanisms. A retrospective review of 20 patients who sustained otologic injuries resulting from airbag inflation was conducted. The most common symptoms were hearing loss in 17 (85%) and tinnitus in 17 (85%). Objective hearing loss was documented in 21 of 24 (88%) subjectively affected ears; this included unilateral and bilateral sensorineural, unilateral conductive, and mixed hearing losses. Ten patients (50%) had dysequilibrium. Four subjects (20%) had a tympanic membrane perforation; each required surgical closure. Ear orientation toward the airbag was found to be associated with hearing loss (P = 0.027), aural fullness (P = 0.039), and tympanic membrane perforation (P = 0.0004). A wide variety of airbag-induced otologic injuries occur and may have long-term sequelae. It is important for health care personnel to be aware of these potential problems.

MeSH terms

  • Accidents, Traffic*
  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Air Bags / adverse effects*
  • Audiometry, Pure-Tone
  • Audiometry, Speech
  • Child
  • Deafness / etiology*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Meniere Disease / etiology*
  • Middle Aged
  • Risk Factors
  • Tinnitus / etiology*
  • Tympanic Membrane Perforation / etiology*