Afferent and efferent fiber connections of the lobus inferior (LI) were studied in a percomorph teleost, Thamnaconus (Navodon) modestus. The LI of Thamnaconus is composed of the nucleus diffusus lobi inferioris (NDLI), the nucleus recessus lateralis pars lateralis et medialis (NRLl and NRLm), and the nucleus centralis lobi inferioris pars anterior et posterior (NCa and NCp). The NDLI receives projections from the secondary gustatory nucleus, preglomerular tertiary gustatory nucleus, corpus glomerulosum, dorsal region of the area dorsalis telencephali pars medialis (dDm), and area dorsalis telencephali pars lateralis. Different subdivisions of the dorsal telencephalon project to discrete regions of the NDLI. The NDLI projects to the corpus mamillare, NRLl, NCa, and NCp. Thus the NDLI could be regarded as an intrahypothalamic relay nucleus. The NCa receives projections from the NDLI and projects to the preglomerular tertiary gustatory nucleus, secondary gustatory nucleus, nucleus lateralis valvulae, and NRLl. The NCa appears to be primarily an extrahypothalamic projection nucleus. The NCp receives projections from the NDLI. Efferent connections of the NCp remain to be studied. The NRLl receives projections from the NDLI, and projects to the nucleus ruber (NR) of Goldstein [1905] and the preglomerular tertiary gustatory nucleus. Dense projections of the NR to the stratum opticum and stratum fibrosum et griseum superficiale of the optic tectum are demonstrated. The NRLm receives projections from the medial part of the dDm. Efferent connections of the NRLm remain unclear. The LI as a whole receives projections from the locus coeruleus and nucleus raphe superior. These results suggest that the LI receives gustatory and/or general visceral information from the secondary and tertiary gustatory nuclei, visual and somatosensory inputs from the corpus glomerulosum. Inputs from the dorsal telencephalic subdivisions could be of various modalities (e.g. visual, acousticolateral, gustatory and/or general visceral). The present study also suggests that information processed in the LI is transmitted to the optic tectum via the NR, to the corpus mamillare, to the secondary and tertiary gustatory nuclei, and to the cerebellum via the nucleus lateralis valvulae.