Madagascar is the principal area of endemic chromomycosis in the world with 1 400 cases registered from 1955 to 1996. Malignant transformation is rare and only 12 cases have been reported. We describe herein two new cases of squamous carcinoma arising from chronic lesions of chromomycosis. These carcinomas which develop slowly and are non invasive, are similar to those arising from burns, tropical phagedenic ulcers and chronic leprosy ulcers. Epidemiological aspects, histopathology and treatment are described.