Smoking cessation and lung function in mild-to-moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The Lung Health Study

Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2000 Feb;161(2 Pt 1):381-90. doi: 10.1164/ajrccm.161.2.9901044.

Abstract

Previous studies of lung function in relation to smoking cessation have not adequately quantified the long-term benefit of smoking cessation, nor established the predictive value of characteristics such as airway hyperresponsiveness. In a prospective randomized clinical trial at 10 North American medical centers, we studied 3, 926 smokers with mild-to-moderate airway obstruction (3,818 with analyzable results; mean age at entry, 48.5 yr; 36% women) randomized to one of two smoking cessation groups or to a nonintervention group. We measured lung function annually for 5 yr. Participants who stopped smoking experienced an improvement in FEV(1) in the year after quitting (an average of 47 ml or 2%). The subsequent rate of decline in FEV(1) among sustained quitters was half the rate among continuing smokers, 31 +/- 48 versus 62 +/- 55 ml (mean +/- SD), comparable to that of never-smokers. Predictors of change in lung function included responsiveness to beta-agonist, baseline FEV(1), methacholine reactivity, age, sex, race, and baseline smoking rate. Respiratory symptoms were not predictive of changes in lung function. Smokers with airflow obstruction benefit from quitting despite previous heavy smoking, advanced age, poor baseline lung function, or airway hyperresponsiveness.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial
  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Airway Resistance / physiology
  • Bronchial Provocation Tests
  • Bronchodilator Agents / administration & dosage
  • Combined Modality Therapy
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Forced Expiratory Volume / drug effects
  • Forced Expiratory Volume / physiology
  • Humans
  • Ipratropium / administration & dosage
  • Lung Diseases, Obstructive / etiology
  • Lung Diseases, Obstructive / physiopathology
  • Lung Diseases, Obstructive / rehabilitation*
  • Lung Volume Measurements*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Smoking / adverse effects
  • Smoking / physiopathology
  • Smoking Cessation*
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Vital Capacity / drug effects
  • Vital Capacity / physiology

Substances

  • Bronchodilator Agents
  • Ipratropium