Mucoceles originating from the submandibular gland are extremely rare. A review of the English literature resulted in identification of only 5 such cases. We have diagnosed and treated 2 submandibular mucoceles. Both lesions were removed in continuity with the submandibular and sublingual glands. No complications and no recurrences have occurred to date. The diagnosis of these lesions is complicated because of the lack of specific clinical diagnostic criteria and the similarity between submandibular mucoceles and plunging or cervical ranulas. Computerized tomography and specifically the presence of a so-called "tail" sign is pathognomonic for plunging ranula. This sign is absent in mucoceles originating in the submandibular glands. The treatment strategies vary as well. A diagnostic algorithm and a surgical rationale for treatment of submandibular mucoceles are presented.