Since 1993, three Indigenous children in north Queensland have died of fulminant hepatitis A. Even if the children had been able to undergo liver transplantation, prolonged immunosuppressant therapy and the likelihood of opportunistic infections would inevitably have jeopardised any chance of long-term survival. As hepatitis A has become a leading infectious cause of death in young Indigenous children in north Queensland, hepatitis A vaccine has recently been introduced into the vaccination schedule for these children.