An update in the palliative management of malignant dysphagia

Eur J Surg Oncol. 2000 Mar;26(2):116-29. doi: 10.1053/ejso.1999.0754.

Abstract

Background: Oesophageal cancer is generally associated with late presentation and poor prognosis. Therefore palliative surgery has been largely superseded by less invasive non-surgical techniques. Once palliation is indicated, the aims of the management should be: the maintenance of oral intake, minimizing hospital stay, relief of pain, elimination of reflux and regurgitation and the prevention of aspiration.

Methods: This study was a review of all published English language data on the palliation of malignant dysphagia between 1994-1999. The Medline and Bids databases were searched and other references were derived from the material perused.

Results and conclusions: Palliative treatment for oesophageal cancer should be individualized and relate to tumour stage, size and location, the patient's medical condition and his/her personal wishes. The palliative treatment largely includes self-expanding metal stents (SEMS), laser (including photodynamic therapy (PDT)) or a combination of the two to relieve symptoms, this may be employed with or without other treatments such as radiotherapy/chemotherapy (RT/CT) with the aim of reducing tumour bulk and possibly prolonging survival. A multi-disciplinary approach is vital in patients with advanced oesophageal cancer.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Deglutition Disorders / etiology
  • Deglutition Disorders / therapy*
  • Esophageal Fistula / etiology
  • Esophageal Fistula / therapy
  • Esophageal Neoplasms / complications*
  • Esophageal Neoplasms / therapy*
  • Esophageal Stenosis / etiology
  • Esophageal Stenosis / therapy
  • Humans
  • Palliative Care*