Introduction: Free-living amoeba infection is today a known and outgrowth disease, which is suspected when exists a special skin lesion.
Development: Balamuthia mandrillaris is one of these amoebas recently categorized and identified as a cause of meningoecephalitis granulomatous and chronic. Human infection: until 1997 in Cayetano Heredia Hospital (Lima, Peru) was described 24 cases of Balamuthia mandrillaris infection, 10 under 15 years old. All had skin lesion and all died, 16 had conscious impairment, 8 intracranial hypertension and 8 seizures.
Conclusions: The free-living amoebas disease is now an outgrowth illness that depends on its worldwide distribution and association with immunocompromised host. The Balamuthia mandrillaris infection is a new form responsible for a fatal disease and clinical suspected is possible by the occurrence of skin lesion. Is very important to promove in Latin America collaborative studies in order to future actions.