Iron bioavailability in humans from breakfasts enriched with iron bis-glycine chelate, phytates and polyphenols

J Nutr. 2000 Sep;130(9):2195-9. doi: 10.1093/jn/130.9.2195.

Abstract

This study was conducted to determine the bioavailability of iron amino acid chelate (ferrochel) added to fortify breads prepared from either precooked corn flour or white wheat flour + cheese and margarine compared with the same basal breakfast enriched with either ferrous sulfate or iron-EDTA. The inhibitory effect of phytate and polyphenols on iron absorption from ferrochel was also tested. A total of 74 subjects were studied in five experiments. Iron absorption from ferrochel was about twice the absorption from ferrous sulfate (P: < 0.05). When ferrous sulfate and ferrochel were administered together or in different meals, absorption from ferrochel was about twice the absorption from ferrous sulfate (P: < 0.05). Polyphenols present in coffee and tea inhibited iron absorption in a dose-dependent manner. American-type coffee did not modify iron absorption significantly, whereas both espresso-type coffee and tea reduced iron absorption from ferrochel by 50% (P: < 0. 05). Ferrochel partially prevented the inhibitory effect of phytates. Because of its high solubility in aqueous solutions even at pH 6, its low interactions with food and high absorption, ferrochel is a suitable compound for food fortification.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Analysis of Variance
  • Biological Availability
  • Edetic Acid / administration & dosage
  • Edetic Acid / pharmacokinetics
  • Female
  • Ferrous Compounds / administration & dosage
  • Ferrous Compounds / pharmacokinetics
  • Flavonoids*
  • Food, Fortified*
  • Glycine / administration & dosage
  • Glycine / analogs & derivatives
  • Glycine / pharmacokinetics
  • Hemoglobins
  • Humans
  • Intestinal Absorption / drug effects
  • Iron / administration & dosage
  • Iron / pharmacokinetics*
  • Iron Chelating Agents / administration & dosage
  • Iron Chelating Agents / pharmacokinetics
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Phenols / administration & dosage
  • Phenols / pharmacology*
  • Phytic Acid / administration & dosage
  • Phytic Acid / pharmacology*
  • Polymers / administration & dosage
  • Polymers / pharmacology*
  • Polyphenols
  • Transferrin / metabolism

Substances

  • Ferrous Compounds
  • Flavonoids
  • Hemoglobins
  • Iron Chelating Agents
  • Phenols
  • Polymers
  • Polyphenols
  • Transferrin
  • bis-glycino iron II
  • ferrous sulfate
  • Phytic Acid
  • Edetic Acid
  • Iron
  • Glycine