Covalent modification of p73alpha by SUMO-1. Two-hybrid screening with p73 identifies novel SUMO-1-interacting proteins and a SUMO-1 interaction motif

J Biol Chem. 2000 Nov 17;275(46):36316-23. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M004293200.

Abstract

Two-hybrid screening in yeast with p73alpha isolated SUMO-1 (small ubiquitin-like modifier 1), the enzyme responsible for its conjugation, Ubc-9, and a number of novel SUMO-1-interacting proteins, including thymine DNA glycosylase, PM-Scl75, PIASx, PKY, and CHD3/ZFH. A subset of these proteins contain a common motif, hhXSXS/Taaa, where h is a hydrophobic amino acid and a is an acidic amino acid, that is shown to interact with SUMO-1 in the two-hybrid system. We show here that p73alpha, but not p73beta, can be covalently modified by SUMO-1. The major SUMO-1-modified residue in p73alpha is the C-terminal lysine (Lys(627)). The sequence surrounding this lysine conforms to a consensus SUMO-1 modification site b(X)XXhKXE, where b is a basic amino acid. SUMO-1-modified p73 is more rapidly degraded by the proteasome than unmodified p73, although SUMO-1 modification is not required for p73 degradation. SUMO-1 modification does not affect the transcriptional activity of p73alpha on an RGC-luciferase reporter gene in SK-N-AS cells. Instead, SUMO-1 modification may alter the subcellular localization of p73, because SUMO-1-modified p73 is preferentially found in detergent-insoluble fractions. Alternatively, it may modulate the interaction of p73 with other proteins that are substrates for SUMO-1 modification or which interact with SUMO-1, such as those identified here.

MeSH terms

  • Amino Acid Motifs
  • Amino Acid Sequence
  • Animals
  • Cell Line
  • Conserved Sequence
  • Cysteine Endopeptidases / metabolism
  • Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors / pharmacology
  • DNA-Binding Proteins / chemistry
  • DNA-Binding Proteins / genetics
  • DNA-Binding Proteins / metabolism*
  • Gene Expression Regulation
  • Genes, Reporter
  • Genes, Tumor Suppressor
  • Humans
  • Leupeptins / pharmacology
  • Lysine / genetics
  • Lysine / metabolism
  • Molecular Sequence Data
  • Multienzyme Complexes / metabolism
  • Nuclear Proteins / chemistry
  • Nuclear Proteins / genetics
  • Nuclear Proteins / metabolism*
  • Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex
  • Protein Binding
  • Protein Processing, Post-Translational*
  • Protein Transport
  • SUMO-1 Protein
  • Transfection
  • Tumor Cells, Cultured
  • Tumor Protein p73
  • Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / genetics
  • Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / metabolism
  • Tumor Suppressor Proteins
  • Two-Hybrid System Techniques
  • Ubiquitins / chemistry*
  • Ubiquitins / genetics
  • Ubiquitins / metabolism*

Substances

  • Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors
  • DNA-Binding Proteins
  • Leupeptins
  • Multienzyme Complexes
  • Nuclear Proteins
  • SUMO-1 Protein
  • TP73 protein, human
  • Tumor Protein p73
  • Tumor Suppressor Protein p53
  • Tumor Suppressor Proteins
  • Ubiquitins
  • Cysteine Endopeptidases
  • Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex
  • Lysine
  • benzyloxycarbonylleucyl-leucyl-leucine aldehyde