Etiology and age incidence of precocious puberty in girls: a multicentric study

J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 2000 Jul:13 Suppl 1:695-701. doi: 10.1515/jpem.2000.13.s1.695.

Abstract

We review the etiology and age incidence of precocious puberty in 438 girls examined between 1988-1998; 428 (97.7%) had central precocious puberty (CPP), the remaining 10 (2.3%) gonadotropin-independent precocious puberty (GIPP) of ovarian origin. The majority of CPP girls (59.6%) were aged between 7-7.9 yr, 22.4% were 6 year olds, and only 18% were under 6 years old. Cranial CT and/or MRI performed in 304/428 girls, showed neurogenic abnormalities in 56/304 (18.4%) CPP girls; 30 (9.9%) were due to previously diagnosed intracranial abnormalities and the remaining 26 (8.5%) were detected at the diagnosis of CPP. The frequency of neurogenic CPP tended to be higher in girls under 4 years of age while the frequency of idiopathic CPP tended to be higher in girls aged between 7-7.9 years, but no statistically significant differences were found. Interestingly, some CNS anomalies either of tumoral or congenital origin were detected at presentation in 7% of the girls aged over 7 years. Other related or coincidental clinical anomalies, mainly due to genetic diseases, were observed in 22/304 (7.2%) patients. History of precocious maternal menarche was found in 12/304 (4%) girls. In conclusion, idiopathic CPP was observed in 74% of the girls in this study. Neurogenic anomalies or other coincidental or related clinical findings were observed in the remaining 26%. The increased frequency of idiopathic CPP in girls aged over 7 years may suggest an early, but otherwise normal onset of puberty in many of these girls as a consequence of the trend towards earlier maturation. Nonetheless, the finding of CNS anomalies also in the older patients, raises the question of whether these patients should undergo a complete diagnostic work-up.

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study

MeSH terms

  • Abnormalities, Multiple
  • Age Distribution
  • Brain Diseases / complications*
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Female
  • Genetic Diseases, Inborn
  • Humans
  • Incidence
  • Italy
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Medical Records
  • Puberty, Precocious / diagnosis
  • Puberty, Precocious / epidemiology*
  • Puberty, Precocious / etiology*
  • Puberty, Precocious / genetics
  • Tomography, X-Ray Computed