Clinical evaluation of bleaching agents of different concentrations

Quintessence Int. 2000 May;31(5):303-10.

Abstract

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the degree of color change, any rebound effect, and sensitivities associated with using 2 different concentrations of carbamide peroxide in vivo.

Method and materials: Twenty-five subjects used 10% and 15% agents in trays for 14 days on different sides of their maxillary arches. Subjects returned in 3 days and at 1, 2, 3, and 6 weeks for evaluation of color change and rebound effect. Shade matching, photographic means, and a colorimeter were used for evaluation. Subjects self-reported gingival and tooth sensitivity on a scale of 1 (no sensitivity) to 5 (severe sensitivity).

Results: After 2 weeks, delta L*, delta a*, delta b*, delta E* and delta shade guide rank means for the 10% whitening agent were 6.50, -1.37, -4.63, 8.79, and -15.40, respectively; for the 15% agent, they were 8.72, -1.63, -5.90, 11.03, and -16.59, respectively. After 6 weeks, delta L*, delta a*, delta b*, delta E*, and delta shade guide rank means for the 10% whitening agent were 3.04, -0.99, -3.19, 5.13, and -13.13, respectively; for the 15% agent, they were 3.48, -1.01, -3.60, 5.58, and -13.65, respectively. Means for gingival sensitivity were 1.18 and 1.21 for the 10% and 15% agents, respectively; means for tooth sensitivity were 1.21 and 1.26 for the 10% and 15% agents, respectively.

Conclusion: All 3 methods of evaluation revealed a significant difference in the tooth lightness achieved by 10% and 15% products at 2 weeks but no significant difference at 6 weeks. No statistically significant difference was found in gingival or tooth sensitivity.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial
  • Comparative Study
  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Analysis of Variance
  • Carbamide Peroxide
  • Color
  • Colorimetry
  • Dental Enamel / drug effects
  • Dental Enamel / pathology
  • Dental Prophylaxis
  • Double-Blind Method
  • Drug Combinations
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Gingiva / drug effects
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Maxilla
  • Middle Aged
  • Nitrates / therapeutic use
  • Periodontal Index
  • Peroxides / administration & dosage*
  • Peroxides / adverse effects
  • Photography
  • Potassium Compounds / therapeutic use
  • Tooth Bleaching / methods*
  • Tooth Discoloration / drug therapy
  • Tooth Discoloration / therapy
  • Toothache / chemically induced
  • Toothache / prevention & control
  • Urea / administration & dosage*
  • Urea / adverse effects
  • Urea / analogs & derivatives*

Substances

  • Drug Combinations
  • Nitrates
  • Peroxides
  • Potassium Compounds
  • Carbamide Peroxide
  • Urea
  • potassium nitrate