Ferrets, rabbits, and rodents are increasingly being presented to veterinarians for evaluation and treatment. The owners of these animals expect high-level medical and surgical care. Consequently, veterinarians are more often required to provide intensive anesthetic management of these animals. The variability of anesthetic agents used and patient responses are addressed. The consequences of size for anesthetic management are discussed. Successful small mammal anesthesia requires following general anesthetic principles, awareness of limitations, and maintenance of high standards of care.