Detection of bisphenol-A in dental materials by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

Dent Mater J. 2000 Mar;19(1):75-86. doi: 10.4012/dmj.19.75.

Abstract

The xenoestrogenic substance bisphenol-A is widely used as a synthetic precursor of resin monomers, such as bisphenol-A diglycidyl methacrylate. Reports describing the release of bisphenol-A from polymerized resin into saliva have aroused considerable concern regarding exposure to xenoestrogen by dental treatment. The purpose of the present study was to demonstrate a reliable methodology of detecting the trace amounts of bisphenol-A in dental materials. Bisphenol-A was separable from bisphenol-A diglycidyl methacrylate, which is often employed as the principal dimethacrylate monomer, by selective extraction with a Sep-Pak C18 cartridge. Using this extraction method in combination with a gas-chromatography mass-spectrometry, we have obtained evidence that all unpolymerized materials used in this study were contaminated with bisphenol-A. Quantitative analysis using a deuterium-labeled compound as an internal standard revealed bisphenol-A contents in commercial dental materials ranging from < 1 microgram/g material to about 20 micrograms/g material. The polymerized dental materials released up to 91.4 ng bisphenol-A/g material into phosphate buffered saline during 24-h incubation. These results indicate that bisphenol-A can be released from dental materials, however the leachable amount would be less than 1/1000 of the reported dose (2 micrograms/kg body weight/day) required for xenoestrogenisity in vivo.

MeSH terms

  • Benzhydryl Compounds
  • Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate / analysis
  • Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate / chemistry
  • Buffers
  • Chromatography, Thin Layer
  • Composite Resins / analysis
  • Composite Resins / chemistry
  • Dental Materials / analysis*
  • Dental Materials / chemistry
  • Dentin-Bonding Agents / analysis
  • Dentin-Bonding Agents / chemistry
  • Deuterium
  • Diffusion
  • Estrogens, Non-Steroidal / chemistry
  • Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry*
  • Humans
  • Methacrylates / analysis
  • Methacrylates / chemistry
  • Phenols / analysis*
  • Phenols / chemistry
  • Phosphates
  • Pit and Fissure Sealants / analysis
  • Pit and Fissure Sealants / chemistry
  • Polymers / chemistry
  • Radiopharmaceuticals
  • Saliva / chemistry
  • Sodium Chloride

Substances

  • Benzhydryl Compounds
  • Buffers
  • Composite Resins
  • Dental Materials
  • Dentin-Bonding Agents
  • Estrogens, Non-Steroidal
  • Methacrylates
  • Phenols
  • Phosphates
  • Pit and Fissure Sealants
  • Polymers
  • Radiopharmaceuticals
  • Sodium Chloride
  • Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate
  • hydroxyethyl methacrylate
  • Deuterium
  • bisphenol A