The paper presents results of investigation of certain parameters of female sexual activity and their effect on the appearance of squamous intraepithelial cervical lesions (SIL). This correlation was investigated in the context of Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) infection, in view of the role attributed to certain types of these viruses in the appearance and development of cervical SIL. Research was done on 1000 patients suffering from low histological grade (LSIL) or high histological grade (HSIL) intraepithelial cervical neoplasms. It transpired that such lesions were most frequent in women in the second, third and fourth decade of life, and that one third of pathological lesions was a function of age. Human Papilloma Virus infection was detected in 65% of patients. The frequency of HPV negative results or presence of non-oncogenic types of viruses (6 and 11) was significantly higher in LSIL type lesions, while the frequency of detection of oncogenous HPV types (16, 18, 31 and 33) was significantly higher in more severe stadiums of the disease. Of the investigated parameters of sexual activity, early onset of such activity and several sexual partners proved to be significant. The number of parturitions and abortions did not appear to be significant risk factors for the onset and development of these diseases.