Abstract
The Janus family tyrosine kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription (Jak-STAT) signaling pathway is broadly used by interferons and type I cytokines. These cytokines and interferons activate Janus family tyrosine kinases (Jak kinases), which in turn phosphorylate and thereby activate STAT proteins. Before activation, STAT proteins are cytosolic proteins; after activation, however, they are translocated to the nucleus where they function as transcription factors. This review summarizes salient features of the Jak-STAT pathway and focuses on the functional role of the different Jak kinases and STATs in vivo.
MeSH terms
-
Active Transport, Cell Nucleus
-
Animals
-
Cell Transformation, Neoplastic
-
Cytokines / physiology*
-
Cytosol / metabolism
-
DNA-Binding Proteins / physiology
-
Dimerization
-
Enzyme Activation
-
Gene Expression Regulation / physiology
-
Humans
-
Interferons / physiology
-
Janus Kinase 1
-
Janus Kinase 2
-
Janus Kinase 3
-
Milk Proteins*
-
Phosphorylation
-
Protein Conformation
-
Protein Processing, Post-Translational
-
Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / physiology*
-
Proto-Oncogene Proteins*
-
Receptors, Cytokine / physiology
-
STAT1 Transcription Factor
-
STAT2 Transcription Factor
-
STAT3 Transcription Factor
-
STAT4 Transcription Factor
-
STAT5 Transcription Factor
-
STAT6 Transcription Factor
-
Signal Transduction / physiology*
-
Trans-Activators / physiology
-
Transcription Factors / physiology*
Substances
-
Cytokines
-
DNA-Binding Proteins
-
Milk Proteins
-
Proto-Oncogene Proteins
-
Receptors, Cytokine
-
STAT1 Transcription Factor
-
STAT1 protein, human
-
STAT2 Transcription Factor
-
STAT3 Transcription Factor
-
STAT3 protein, human
-
STAT4 Transcription Factor
-
STAT4 protein, human
-
STAT5 Transcription Factor
-
STAT6 Transcription Factor
-
STAT6 protein, human
-
Trans-Activators
-
Transcription Factors
-
Interferons
-
Protein-Tyrosine Kinases
-
JAK1 protein, human
-
JAK2 protein, human
-
JAK3 protein, human
-
Janus Kinase 1
-
Janus Kinase 2
-
Janus Kinase 3