Optimization of an exogenous metabolic activation system for FETAX. II. Preliminary evaluation

Drug Chem Toxicol. 2001 May;24(2):117-27. doi: 10.1081/dct-100102605.

Abstract

The developmental toxicities of five test compounds including carbon tetrachloride, urethane, phenacetin, parathion, and chloroform, were evaluated using Frog Embryo Teratogenesis Assay--Xenopus (FETAX), with minor modification. Post-isolation mixtures of differently-induced rat liver microsomes (phenobarbital- (PB), beta-naphthoflavone- (beta-NF), and isoniazid- (INH)-induced preparations) were co-cultured directly with X. laevis embryos. Results from these studies suggest that the Aroclor 1254-induced MAS could effectively be replaced by a mixed lot of PB-, beta-NF-, and INH-induced rat liver microsomes. Each of the test materials were found to be developmentally toxic when bioactivated by the mixed MAS.

Publication types

  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Abnormalities, Drug-Induced / etiology
  • Animals
  • Biotransformation*
  • Carbon Tetrachloride / toxicity
  • Chloroform / toxicity
  • Coculture Techniques
  • Embryo, Mammalian / drug effects*
  • Embryo, Nonmammalian*
  • Isoniazid
  • Microsomes, Liver / enzymology
  • Microsomes, Liver / metabolism
  • Parathion / toxicity
  • Phenacetin / toxicity
  • Phenobarbital
  • Rats
  • Toxicity Tests*
  • Urethane / toxicity
  • Xenopus laevis / embryology*
  • beta-Naphthoflavone

Substances

  • Urethane
  • beta-Naphthoflavone
  • Parathion
  • Chloroform
  • Carbon Tetrachloride
  • Phenacetin
  • Isoniazid
  • Phenobarbital