Hypothesis: inappropriate colonization of the premature intestine can cause neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis

FASEB J. 2001 Jun;15(8):1398-403. doi: 10.1096/fj.00-0833hyp.

Abstract

Neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a major cause of morbidity in preterm infants. We hypothesize that the intestinal injury in this disease is a consequence of synergy among three of the major risk factors for NEC: prematurity, enteral feeding, and bacterial colonization. Together these factors result in an exaggerated inflammatory response, leading to ischemic bowel necrosis. Human milk may decrease the incidence of NEC by decreasing pathogenic bacterial colonization, promoting growth of nonpathogenic flora, promoting maturation of the intestinal barrier, and ameliorating the proinflammatory response.

Publication types

  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Digestive System / immunology
  • Enteral Nutrition
  • Enterocolitis, Necrotizing / etiology*
  • Enterocolitis, Necrotizing / prevention & control
  • Enterocytes / microbiology
  • Food / adverse effects
  • Gram-Negative Bacteria / pathogenicity
  • Humans
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Intestines / microbiology*
  • Milk, Human
  • Models, Biological