Programs for Accreditation of clinical laboratories consider participation in External Quality Assessment Schemes (EQAS) a key element in the evaluation of testing procedures and improving them. One of the main functions of EQAS is to assess whether laboratories perform tests competently. It is therefore of utmost importance for laboratories to participate in EQAS that are in line with formally recognised requirements. Specific proposals have been made on how to design and execute EQAS by International Working Groups, but there seems to be no consensus on the best strategies to use and quality specifications to set out. The Clinical Pathology Accreditation (CPA) Program for EQA Scheme Accreditation (CPA-EQA) is the only program in Europe to provide a formal recognition of the quality of EQAS activities. The present paper reports on the experience of the Centre of Biomedical Research which is following an accreditation process for their own schemes in line with the CPA-EQA program and a proposal to set requirements that Italian schemes must follow to be recognised as valid and effective.